Which goal of sentencing is primarily focused on punishing the offender for the crime committed?

The goal of sentencing that focuses primarily on punishing the offender for the crime committed is retribution. Retribution is based on the idea that punishment is justified and morally necessary when a crime has been committed. It reflects a societal desire for justice, asserting that offenders deserve to be punished for their wrongful actions. This perspective emphasizes that the punishment should be proportionate to the severity of the crime, serving both to express societal condemnation of the crime and to fulfill a belief in moral balance.

In contrast, incapacitation aims to prevent the offender from committing further crimes by restricting their freedom, usually through imprisonment. Rehabilitation focuses on reforming the offender, helping them to reintegrate into society and reduce the likelihood of reoffending. Restoration seeks to repair the harm caused by the crime, often emphasizing the needs of victims and the community affected by the offense rather than focusing solely on punishment. Therefore, retribution stands out as the goal of sentencing that is explicitly centered on punishing the offender for their past actions.